Global Warming Is A Real Phenomenon - 1048 Words

Earth is home to an abundance of complex and astonishing forms of life. It has played humanity’s mysterious home ever since the origin of our species. We are constantly learning more about our planet. However, in the last century, there has been a different trend taking place. We have experienced a rise in the Earth’s temperature. Global warming is the phenomenon that has taken place over the past one hundred and thirty-three years. Global warming has been described as the greenhouse effect of dangerous gases released to the atmosphere. The gas eventually creates an invisible cloud over our planet which makes it more difficult for heat to heat to escape into outer space. Consequently, the earth warms up. According to NASA, the Earth temperature has increased one and a half degrees over the time period (NASA). However, various people have regarded this as a â€Å"false alert.† This paper presents an argument to raise awareness through statistical and scientific st udies that indeed global warming is a real phenomenon and there could be significant costs to not taking preventative measures, in the long run. There is a wide range of opinions on the relatively recent issue of global warming. By relying on data to make inferences based on whether or not our planet is in danger, we can be able to spread beneficial knowledge and to jumpstart the prevention of potentially significant consequences. The Earth unquestionably goes through natural heating and cooling cycles. However, it hasShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming Is A Real Phenomenon2326 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION Global warming has become a central problem in the scientific community, while viewed as more of a severe problem by some people and policy makers than other, the consensus in the scientific community is that global warming is a very real phenomenon. Although the global warming is still debated as far as how fast and severe the problem is, scientific data has shown that the average global temperature has increased by 0.4 to 0.8 Celsius during the last 100 years (http://www.livescienceRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Real Event978 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen warned about global warning. There have been many efforts especially by the American people to go green in an effort to slow the human contribution to global warming. But just because we have been told that global warming is a real event and we should fear it, does that make this event a fact or phenomenon? As a critical thinking student I took time to look into the validity of global warming to decide if the validity of such an event. What is global warming? Global warming is the increase inRead MoreGlobal Warming and its Issues1198 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction Global warming is perhaps one of the most urgent and complicated global issues we face today. While there are those who dispute the very nature as well as causes of the global warming phenomenon, available data clearly indicates that the planet is becoming warmer. This text revisits the issue of global warming. In so doing, compelling evidence will be presented in an attempt to prove that the global warming phenomenon is indeed real. Global Warming: An Overview In simple terms, global warmingRead MoreGlobal Warming Is Caused By Human Beings1174 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming Global warming appears to be caused by human beings. There is too much CO2 in the atmosphere for plants and trees to take in all of it. There is strong evidence that humans are to blame, not just due to cars and factories but also from agriculture. A majority of scientists and scientific organizations believe humans are causing global warming. Global Warming is controversial. It is a perplexing phenomenon. Some people think it is a normal occurrence, others are afraidRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On Earth1577 Words   |  7 Pagesyears, a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect kept the earth at a comfortable temperature to allow life on earth. This process is necessary to support and maintain life on earth. But just like any good thing, too much of it could be dangerous. Greenhouse gases acts as a blanket that is wrapped around the earth. This traps energy in the atmosphere and the energy is then heated up by the sun’s rays. Because of this, another phenomenon has come to be. It is known as global warming. Global warmingRead MoreEssay on Is Climate Change Natural or Man-Made?1160 Words   |  5 Pagesmain causes of the increased warming of the planet. On one hand are the environmentalists who believe that the major cause of this increased warming of the planet is the increase in greenhouse gases i n the atmosphere induced by human activities. On the other hand, the scientists believe that there are natural causes of global climate change. While the supporters of the man-made theory of global climate change reason that the major greenhouse gas causing global warming is carbon dioxide, the advocatesRead MoreBelieve It Or Not, Global Warming1302 Words   |  6 PagesPamela Young Professor Ms. Panto English 105 12 December 2016 Believe it or Not, Global Warming Many people believe that global warming is a hoax, whereas others claim global warming is a real phenomenon. Global warming is an increase in temperature on our planet Earth, in the water and on land. We are experiencing an increase of temperature as a result of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere because of human activities. Scientific research is proving that since the Industrial Revolution began, humanRead MoreParables Of The Sower By Octavia E. Butler1641 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novel Parables of the Sower by Octavia E. Butler earth’s current day issue of global warming has taken a turn for the worst, thus leaving many parts of the world severely depleted of usable water and years without rain. â€Å"It’s raining†¦ ‘well we have wind’, Cory said. ‘Wind and maybe a few drops of rain, or maybe just a little cool weather. That would be welcome. It’s all we’ll get.’That’s all there has been for six years† ( butler 47). Is Octavia E. Butler novel Parables of the Sower predictingRead MoreImpact Of Global Warming On North Carolina1728 Words   |  7 PagesRepercussions of Global Warming in North Carolina To begin to comprehend the scope and dynamics of the projected effects of Global Warming on different sectors of North Carolina one has to understand the basics of this particular phenomenon. What exactly is Global Warming? According to EPA.gov: â€Å"Global warming refers to the recent and ongoing rise in global average temperature near Earth s surface. It is caused mostly by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Global warming is causingRead MoreA Portion Of The Article And Debate857 Words   |  4 PagesA portion of the article and debate: â€Å"Global warming is a fact. It just isn t man-made. I suspect that the ecoalarmists of Al Gore s ilk are as much aware of that fact as I am. But more important, so are the world s astrophysicists who study the universe—and, with it, our neighboring planets. Habibullo Abdussamatov, head of the St. Petersburg Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory in Russia noted in 2005 that the current warming cycle on Earth is also affecting our neighbors—Venus and Mars.† (Furthermore)

The Humble President After Honest Abe - 2098 Words

The Humble President after Honest Abe Not all presidencies can have historic events of Washington or Jefferson. Some presidencies are consumed with political infighting or fractionation. President Ulysses Grant was born April 27, 1822 in Point Pleasant, Ohio. He graduated from US Military Academy at West Point in New York. He served from 1846 through 1854 when he quit the Army. He quit to spend time with his wife and four children. In 1860 Grant began to organize soldiers for the Union. In 1861 Grant was made colonel of a regiment in Illinois and served until the end of the Civil War. (Rumsch, 2009) By the end of the Civil war Grant was a general and received the surrender from General Robert E Lee from the Confederacy. From this record Grant became the Republican nominee for president after Andrew Johnson. He was the youngest man to be elected President at that time, the eighteenth president of the United States. President Grant’s terms of office were rife with corruption and upheaval. His presidency followed on the heels of the Civil War, the most divisive times in American history. â€Å"While the Civil War was over, the nation s wounds bled. Some states even considered seceding again.† (Scheieler, 2013) During his presidency he fought for reconstruction and civil rights, he got the 15th amendment passed, tried to peaceable deal with the Indians, maintain the economy, increase safety and American influence abroad, and he increased the executive branches powers. He was aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Abraham Lincoln1600 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Lincoln was the 16th President ofthe United States of America, serving from 1860 to 1865 (Wilson, 1). From humble upbringings to becoming the most powerful man in America, Honest Abe is known today as a great and influential person whose message echoes in American politics as well as American ethics. Lincoln is almost always voted the best or near-best President among historians (Wilson, 1). He helped mend the rift between the Union and the Confederacy, reuniting and reconstructing AmericaRead MorePre And Post Assessment Tools And Plan For Instruction1429 Words   |  6 PagesPre and Post Assessment Tools and Plan for Instruction Section 1 Pre and Post Assessment: After reviewing the assessment data recorded in Project A, I created learning goals to aid my students. Only 38% of the entire class was able to answer at least two of the three questions that required them to decode unknown words. Therefore, one of my objectives focuses on using known words to decipher unfamiliar words in a sentence. This goal correlates with the Georgia Standard of Excellence: ELAGSE5RI4Read MoreThe Declaration Of The United States1346 Words   |  6 Pageswar. The question is how did they win, but the answer lies within their leader, Abraham Lincoln, and how he became so important. Abraham Lincoln is popularly known as being our sixteenth president and creating the Emancipation Proclamation which freed all slaves. On February 12, 1809 and unsuspecting president was born. Growing up, Abraham had one sister, Sarah, and one brother, Thomas. Lincoln’s mom, died from milk sickness on October 5, 1818, when he was nine years old. One year later, ThomasRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1837 Words   |  8 Pages Honest Abe Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12th, 1809 in a log cabin in Kentucky. He was raised by poor parents and received less than a year of formal education. He was mainly self-educated by reading a lot of books on his own. Lincoln was known for being an opponent of slavery. He was the 16th president of the United States and served from March 1861 until he was assassinated in April of 1865. His main accomplishments include leading the United States through the Civil War and abolishingRead MoreThe Life Of Abraham Lincoln754 Words   |  4 PagesBible. One day, Lincoln’s mother died of poisoned milk when he was only nine. Abraham Lincoln was one of the tallest presidents in our history. He was six feet, four inches tall. When he was elected president, he started the Civil War not only to free slaves, but so that they had rights to vote and many other things. Lincoln had a few nicknames. One very familiar one is â€Å"Honest Abe†. He had this name when he was a youn g lawyer and politician. In many of his writings, he displayed that honestyRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And Its Impact On The United States1470 Words   |  6 Pageslearned about him in school. Abraham Lincoln made a lasting impact on the United States because he was able to maintain the continuation of the United States. He was a very open minded person and was able to understand both aspects of the War. As a president and Commander in Chief of the United States Army, he was calm under pressure and very generous. He had a lasting impression on the South with his Ten Percent plan and was viewed as a hero for African Americans and rightfully so. Freeing them fromRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Greatest Speech1233 Words   |  5 PagesLincoln s Greatest Speech Abraham Lincoln’s first inaugural address was given during a time of crisis. The Southern states feared their newly elected President would soon take their way of life from them, and they would do everything to stop it. The South threatened secession and began electing their own leaders and creating a new constitution. Knowing this would certainly lead to war, in his address Lincoln said, â€Å"We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies† (Lincoln). Lincoln knewRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : His Fight For Freedom And Equality Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Lincoln family moved to Illinois because of a spread of Milk Sickness that traveled along the Ohio River. Abraham Lincoln left his family in 1832, and enlisted to fight in the Black Hawk War. Lincoln’s company was led by Colonel Zachary Taylor. After the Black Hawk War, Lincoln moved to a village called New Salem in Illinois and got a job working on a flatboat taking goods from New Salem to New Orleans. In New Orleans is where Lincoln received his first view of slavery. While in New Salem, LincolnRead MoreAbraham Lincoln - Critical Analysis2619 Words   |  11 PagesAbraham Lincolns face and the Lincoln Washington memorial building . Inscribed on the penny is In God we Trust. What we knew of him at that moment was that he was considered a great American president who was assassinated while watching a theatre production with his wife. We also knew that he was the President that freed the negro slaves through the Emancipation Proclamation and because of this action, had to face a civil war that divided the United States The North vs The South. Today, the UnitedRead MoreAbraham Lin coln’s Gettysburg Address1528 Words   |  6 Pagescontext: otherwise, the text will be vastly misinterpreted and misrepresented in any discussion of the text. The students grossly mischaracterized Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address â€Å"as a pro-abolitionist tract; they also seemed to think that President Lincoln was some divine martyr for anti-slavery sentiment, and that he was an exemplary person with regards to American identity. They could not be further from the truth. Historical context is paramount to understanding Lincoln’s â€Å"Gettysburg Address†

Managing Your Investment Property

Question: Discuss about the Managing Your Investment Property. Answer: Introduction The project is related to property investment planning for the purpose of long term investment. Property investment is one of the major decisions taken by an individual to earn maximum future benefit. The proposed area mentioned in the project is Newcastle in New South Wales. The project is initially at a planning stage. Suggestion related to the long term benefit of the project to the investor is mentioned in the report. It is essential to advise the future benefit of the property in order to manage it as per the current resources. There are multiple guidelines to be followed to achieve the prospective result. The project suggests the best utilization of the property under the current market situation. It makes certain suggestions related to the future benefit of the property. Background of project The project is related to the property investment made by the investor at Newcastle in New South Wales in Australia. It is the seventh largest city which is 160 km away from Sydney. The area is located in the center of the Hunter Region and has a beautiful coastline and beaches. The area is connected properly and has modern facilities. It is easily accessible by air and is connected through local coach services. Its close proximity to Sydney makes it a weekend getaway. There is a growth in the property investments in the city due to advancement in opportunities. The property has ample of opportunities for future advancements. The project has assembled the entire requirement for future management of property. The project will create long term opportunities for the investors as the recent data has shown a rise in the property rates at Newcastle. The investment at the project would finally benefit the investor if he chooses to rent out the property. The net present value is positive. It shows that the project will benefit the investor in coming 10 years. Property acquisition or disposal Property acquisition and disposal is the most important investment decision in an individuals life. It is highly recommended to make a tailor made property decision as it serves the requirements of the individual. The investment decisions are based on capital with the investors. The investor is looking for a long term investment for a period of 10 years (Never, N., Isaac, D. and Daley, M., 2014). The investment is considered to be positive on the basis of current market trends. There is an expected growth of 5% in the property rate at Newcastle due to abundantgrowing opportunities. It is safe to invest in the property to earn a long term capital gain. The investor has accumulated 30% of investments from the outsiders. It is suggested to the investor to seek advisory from the solicitor before making an investment decision. Pre-Contractual time period should be used efficiently to evaluate the property before making the final decision. Financial feasibility is important to be assessed while coordinating with the property investment (Grant, 2016). Investor is acquiring an old property due to the less risk and existing cash flow benefit associated with the project. It helps in mitigating the construction and planning risk with a new project (Bozorgi, 2015). The cost of the given property at Newcastle in New South Wales Australia is approximately $950000.00. It is necessary to evaluate the site which is to be purchased for investments. Zoning classification is necessary to access the information related to the area, real estate property description, car parking area etc. Conceptual plan is important to be developed by the investor to buy the property until and unless the buyer is confident about the investment. The site has a good re-sale and rental value. It will help investor to meet the future contingencies. It is the safest investment on the basis of periodical benefit. In the current project the Internal Rate of Return is 16.5% whereas the required rate of return is 10.3%. The property will be a wise investment in terms of long term return. There is an expected hike of 10% in the coming years. The property is already constructed which has reduced the cost marginally. The expected return on capital is estimated to be 1.89% and the we ighted average cost on the capital is 2.34 %( Mishan, 2015). The final stage involves the basic terms of the contract. It includes the important clause related to the address, purchase price, settlement price, and any special condition which is attached to property. At this stage the investor has to make all the settlement decision regarding the property after negotiating it with the seller. Entire information related to the property is mentioned clearly in the final document. The buyer has to conduct due diligence to complete the final decision. It is essential to conduct a background check to avoid the future inconsistencies. Permits and licenses need to be checked before making any advancement. The investor is recommended to conduct the requisite backdrop check before moving further. The final stage is the contract of sale. The legal document should consist of all the information related to the property. Completion date is the date where the property is actually transferred from seller to buyer. It is the date which is specified in the sale document. There are various formalities which are mandatory to avoid the future risk. Completion date is important to manage future Insurance, legal liabilities, workplace health and safety, responsibility for cost of services, property management notification and transfer documents confirmation. The current payback period of the project is an essential tool to understand the value one will retrieve after the period of 10 years. The property is located at the prime location and while looking at the current trends it is recommended to acquire the property for the prime motive of investment (Ohman,Sderberg, and Westerdahl, 2013). It is an independent project where the seller is privately purchasing the property for the purpose of long term benefit. For the purpose of disposal the seller has to evaluate the benefits at the time of resale. Private treaty is an efficient and simple way to dispose off property by putting an advertisement on the newspaper. The seller has a variety of options which will help him to avail maximum benefit out of the current property. There is a prospective growth of 10% in the property rates in the coming year. If the investors hold the property for the period of 2-3 years it will benefit him in terms of future monetary benefit. However in case of property disposal the high yield property can be sold out very easily as compared to low yield property. The current government policies are focusing on equalizing the cost of registration in between the seller and the buyer. This would help in easy disposal of property in terms of realizing immediate benefit. Here, the investor has planned to acquire property for the purpose of continuous future benefit. The project is believed to be a good investment in term of long term growth. Property management Property management is related to the management of the commercial, industrial and residential property which includes the use, and the disposal of the acquired property. Various systems have helped in managing the propertys life cycle which is important to take majority of decisions. Real estate involves a large number of duties which can only be accessed in terms of the human efforts which are attached to the property. The professional aim behind the property is to utilize it as per the requirements and current market trends. The importance of property management has increased recently due to economic recession. It is advised to manage the property carefully to avoid the deterioration of property. The goal of property management is to retrieve the maximum benefit of the investment. The right to hold a property is defined by the contractual agreement. The current property is held for the investment purpose. The rental cost at Newcastle is very high. It will give a high economic yiel d if sold at a later date looking at the present scenario (Barnes and Doidge, 2010). The management of property is a combination of blend of good communication, negotiation, experience and judgmental skills. The decision related to property management resides with the owner. Thecurrent property rates are already very high. Renting out of the property will ultimately benefit the owner. Continuous review of the acquired property is the part of the wise investment decision. A regular assessment of the locality is essential to estimate the value of the property. All the decisions related to the property are subject to the market condition.The average rental rate at Newcastle is $450 per week. It will provide a regular income to the owner (Australian Property Management,2016). Property management involves decisions related to strategic disposal of the property as per the individual requirements. The current market yield of the acquired property is very high. The owner can increase the rental value which will provide the benefit in the coming 5 years. The property held by the investor is valuable in terms of the future value. Growth is an important factor to be considered while considering the investment decision. The current investment is the strategic investment in the view of future growth(Australian Property Management,2016). It is highly recommended to look after the regular maintenance of the property which is governed by the owner. The projected cost of repairing and maintenance will put the burden on the operating cost. The amount of extra cost will be acquired from the tenants by adding the amount on the total rent. The operating budget will help in managing the current budget by including the current financial plan. The property has a long term benefit which is essentially to be considered while making the purchase choices. The net present value of the project is positive which depicts a positive inflow in the coming year. Market may see a considerable growth in the requisite property (Gatti, 2013). Preparation of the capital budget helps in analyzing the situation over the period of 10 years. It considers entire complex situations need to be considered while making the budget. The budgeting is an essential tool recommended to measure the present value. It includes all the expenses which has incurred in the past year. It is an essential point need to be considered while managing the property. Risk management is an important characteristic while managing the property. It is essential for the owner to cover all the risk against the associated property. The current project investment required a definite investment in terms of project development. Re-insurance is important to be considered while evaluating the risks associated with the property. It is the part of the property management on the basis of the long term benefit. The property is considered to provide a long term benefit to the investor if being managed efficiently. Goal setting should be given equal importance while setting the objectives related to the project. Here the sole motive of the project is the long term investment to derive the result in the coming 5 years by establishing a comprehensive procedure. Managing a real estate property requires an integrated approach which can only be handled with a positive outlook. It involves safe and secured operations of the asset while considering the primary objective of the project. Here the motive of the owner is long term benefit by disbursing it at a future date. Facility management is important to be considered while managing the utilization of the property. The impact of the global competition and a hike in the value of property has affected the price of the requisite property. Facility management helps in managing the various principles relating to the real estate. Property management is essential for the appreciation in the value of the investment. Moreover it helps in strategic management of the issues related to the property. The current project is believed to provide IRR of 16% approx. It has availed various segments for the owner regarding the current property management. The anticipated risk associated with the project is due to the poor budgeting technique. The project will return 100% result after considering all the factors (Gordon,2015). Property occupation and usage Property occupation is related to the relationship between the three parties (i.e. owner, tenant and the agent). The current project is acquired for the purpose of letting it out. The owner wants to rent out the property for the purpose of procuring profit. In the given property the user has two options. Firstly he has an option to let out the property or to sell the property as per the market condition. An analytical overview for the next 5 year profit is required to calculate the total amount of yield from the given project. As per the present situation the property is believed to give a regular income if being let out. Moreover letting out of the property is the most secured and regular source of income compared with the other sources. The annual rental rate is believed to be $94656.00 which is adjusted according to the inflation rate. Whereas the current market trend shows that there can be a rise in the property rate in the coming year. If the owner decides to sell the property it will incur a loss at a current stage (Epstein,et al,2010). The right related to the tenancy choice resides with the owner. He has options to consider the property depending upon the current market situation. In case of letting out of the property, owner has to appoint an agent to take care of the rental deals as per the legal procedure. It is controlled by the tenancy agreement. All the provisions related to the contract are mentioned in the deed. Rent deed is drafted considering the rights and liabilities as discussed in between the owner and the tenant. The average rental rates are $450 per week. The deed should impose the rights and responsibility while demarking the rights on the property. The agreement should comprise all the relevant facts pertaining to requirement as mentioned in the tenancy act. The property agent has to take majority of decisions till the property is allocated to the tenant. The deal related to the project is carried by agent who is hired by the owner (Vaughan, 2012).The agent needs to apply to the municipal corpora tion for accomplishment for accomplishing the deal of the project. A managing agent has a responsibility to include all the required points by adding the necessities (finding suitable tenant, ensuring the tenancy agreement is correctly completed and signed, lodging the rental bond, conducting property insurance etc.) The deed consists of all the clauses related to the future disputes in between the owner and the tenant. The volumetric rights need to be specified in the deed for defining the rights and responsibilities of the tenant. It defines all the accessible rights given to the tenant by the owner mentioned in the contract. The relationship in between the tenant and the landlord is difficult to be managed. It is recommended to carry out the responsibility in an efficient manner to remove the hurdles in between them. The methods to resolve the future dispute is recommended to be mentioned in the contract. All the future disputes are dealt efficiently with a correct approach. It is essential to choose a correct tenant and an appropriate agent to avoid the future dispute which may arise in between the tenant and the owner. It is recommended that the owner makes a correct choice regarding the tenant. Future of the property depends upon the choice of tenant. It is recommended that an agent has to find an appropriate tenant depending upon the owner choice. It is the responsibility of the tenant to take care of the requisite property as per the deal between the tenant and the owner. It is the duty of the owner to choose the property as per his choice. It is recommended to check the current requirements related to the law enforcement. It is necessary to be mentioned that the tenant takes considerable interest in the property to meet the current requirements (Porter and Prenzler, 2012). The tenancy deed includes all the valid points which bind the relationship I between the tenant and the owner. All the points are necessary to be discussed in advance before making an inference. The right related to exclusive possession is depicted through the case law of Radiach v Smith which says that the lease confers the rights related to the general control( Mangioni,2015). It is recommended to renew the tenancy deed from the period of 6 months to one year depending upon the previous relationship. Prior notice related to the property vacation is necessary to be given. The owner and the tenant are obliged to follow their duty as per the clauses which are mentioned in the deed (Residential Tenancies Act 2010 No 42,2016). Property maintenance is an essential part while considering the future aspect. The property will only yield considerably well if it is being utilized well by the user. It is recommended to choose a maintenance strategy to develop the current property which is being let out to the tenant. Preventive maintenance is the most appropriate technique which is important to be used to avoid the problem which may arise in future. It contains both the predictable and variable components. It is a cost effective technique which helps in managing the future costing. The right to maintain the property resides with the owner. It is his duty to manage the property to provide the required benefit to the tenant. Decision related to the property investment depends upon the type of maintenance which is recommended by the owner (Renting a home, 2016). Tendering is the most effective tool which can be used by the owner which helps in seeking a regular maintenance of the property. The team keeps a timely ch eck over the property which helps in retrieving the maximum result. Conclusions The report is related to the property acquisition and disposal. The property is purchased for the benefit of the long term investment. The current market condition shows a considerable hike in the property prices due to a rise in the property rate at Newcastle. The owner has an option either to let out the property or to sell it. The best option with the owner is to let out the property because the price of the property is anticipated to rise looking at the current market scenario. Renting out a property is a better option for the owner as there is a growth of 16.55% in the IRR. The property is being let out at $94656.00 which will provide a regular income to the owner. The project has a positive cash flow. Hence it is not advised to sell the property at the present situation because the market may see a considerable growth at future date. The payback period of the project at the 10th year is positive. Hence it is recommended to hold the property for at least a period of 10 years. Recommendations The current legal cost is very high which may impose difficulty on the owner. The maintenance cost has to be carried by the owner. It is recommended that the owner should not sell the property as it might affect the current cash flow. The project is expected to give a positive yield in the coming years. It is estimated that the rental charges of the house will increase as per the current market conditions. There is a shortage of houses in Australia as per the current study. Renting out of property for the future aspect will benefit the owner. The property is located at a prime area in New South Wales. The current project has an ample of potential in terms of growth. The maintenance cost of the property is high which has imposed difficulty on owner. It is suggested to tender out the property for maintenance. Investor is however suggested to hold the property for a long tenure rather than selling it out as it may affect the current decision. References Australian Property Management,(2016) (Online).Available at: https://www.auspm.com/ (Accessed on: 20/10/16) Barnes,R. and Doidge,G.(2010). Managing Your Investment Property: The Essential Guide to Property Management in Australia and New Zealand. John Wiley Sons Bozorgi, A., 2015. Integrating value and uncertainty in the energy retrofit analysis in real estate investmentnext generation of energy efficiency assessment tools. Energy Efficiency, 8(5), pp.1015-1034. Enever, N., Isaac, D. and Daley, M., 2014. The valuation of property investments. Taylor Francis. Epstein,B et al.(2010) . WILEY Interpretation and Application of International Financial Reporting Standards 2010. John Wiley Sons Gatti, S., 2013. Project finance in theory and practice: designing, structuring, and financing private and public projects. Academic Press. Gordon,J.(2015). Newcastle property prices outstripping capital cities.(Online).Available at: https://www.theherald.com.au/story/3019147/newcastle-property-prices-outstripping-capital-cities/ (Accessed on: 20/10/16) Grant, R.M., 2016. Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Mangioni,V.(2015). Land Tax in Australia: Fiscal Reform of Sub-national Government. Routledge Mishan, E.J., 2015. Elements of Cost-Benefit Analysis (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Ohman, P., Sderberg, B. and Westerdahl, S., 2013. Property investor behaviour: qualitative analysis of a very large transaction. Journal of Property Investment Finance, 31(6), pp.522-544. Porter,L. and Prenzler,T.(2012). Police Integrity Management in Australia: Global Lessons for Combating Police Misconduct. CRC Press Renting a home ,(2016). .(Online).Available at: https://www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/ftw/Tenants_and_home_owners/Renting_a_home.page (Accessed on: 20/10/16) Residential Tenancies Act 2010 No 42,(2016) (Online).Available at: https://www.legislation.nsw.gov.au/#/view/act/2010/42 (Accessed on: 20/10/16) The Residential Tenancies Act,(2016). .(Online).Available at: https://www.tenants.org.au/factsheet-01-residential-tenancies-act (Accessed on: 20/10/16) Vaughan,C.(2012). Buying Property in Australia: A Guide for Non-Residents: A Guide for Non-Residents. Xlibris Corporation

Religion In North American Town Plans Essays - Mormon Studies

Religion In North American Town Plans The Influence of Religion in Pre-Industrial North American Town Planning Religion has played a vital role in the settling of many pre-industrial North American towns and cities. In fact, religion proved to be one of the main reasons Europeans broke their affiliation with the dictatorial and the monarchial rule in Europe and came to settle the Americas. Generally, these particular religious settlers incorporated town-planning ideas developed in Europe and translated them into their particular beliefs. However, some specific and influential settlers broke away from the norm in a progressive attempt to invent new societies in a new land based on accumulated knowledge. John Reps, the pre-eminent American historian on town planning has this to say about those who strayed from the common ideals. ?Almost from the beginning of settlement, America attracted a variety of reformers, utopians, and pariah religious sects. These dedicated? groups shunned existing cities with their temptations and distractions, preferring to create settlements in harmony with their religious, economic, or social convictions.? In this paper, I will analyze and compare the influence of two different religions in the settling of their respective towns. The first will be The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, also known as the Mormons, and the second is the Church of the United Brethren, also known as the Moravians. THE MORMON MISSION The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is a Christian religion that came into existence during the early 19th-century American movement of religious revivalism called the Second Great Awakening. Officially, Joseph Smith, who is recognized as a prophet in modern Mormon teachings, founded the church in 1830 after he said that God had spoken to him. In that same year, he organized his first followers in New York. From that point on, as they marched westward, he experimented in building towns that revolved around order, unity, and community.? These values were viewed as supreme in the prophet's ideal society, and these same values were at odds with values that were characteristic of many cities and towns already existing in America at that time. It is said that his aim was to realize the Christian commonwealth that had been the ideal of John Winthrop in Puritan New England. According to one account, Winthrop at one time had said to the colonists, ?Wee must be knit together in th is work as one man.? This one statement seems to provide the basis of Smith's convictions when he set out to form new towns in hopes of turning people on to his religion. The Law of Consecration and Stewardship was outlined by Joseph Smith in 1831, and marked the beginning of Mormon ?communitarianism.' This law was a prescription for transforming the highly individualistic economic order of Jacksonian America into a system characterized by economic equality, socialization of surplus incomes, freedom of enterprise, and group economic self-sufficiency.? Basically, what this meant was that all members of the church and hereafter, the community, would deed all of his/her property to the bishop of the church. On top of this, the community was to farm and cultivate the land together and share equally the crops. In turn, the bishop would appropriate these assets out based on the need of an individual or family residing within the community. Doctrines of the church such as these held a paralleled relationship to the planning of the towns. By early 1831, Joseph Smith and his following had moved west to Kirtland, Ohio. Kirtland was an ideal spot for Americans seeking prosperity given its ripe location for trade as well as agriculture. The land in Ohio had richer soil than that found along the Atlantic coast, and the climate was much milder. A good reason for this can be attributed to Ohio's gentle topography. This was beneficial to the Mormon people who relied on farming and trade. The location was in close proximity to both Lake Erie, which provided the transportation to the East, and the Ohio Canal, which connected to the Ohio River and hence the entire Mississippi River system. The Mormons however did not take full advantage of this beneficial location for settlement, as they left after only a short period of time. Kirtland was a settlement

Charles Law Lab Report Essay Example

Charles Law Lab Report Essay Example Charles Law Lab Report Paper Charles Law Lab Report Paper The volume of the air sample at the high temperature, when the sample is cooled to the low enrapture and becomes. All of these measurements are made directly. The experimental data is then used to verify Charleston by two methods: 1. The experimental volume (Vo) measured at the low temperature is compared to the VI predicted by Charles law where Y(t erotic at)- ) 2. The WET ratios for the air sample measured at both the high and the low temperatures are compared, Charleston predicts that these ratios will be equal. Pressure Considerations The relationship between temperature and volume defined by Charles law is valid Only if the pressure is the same When the volume s measured at each temperature. That is not the case in this experiment. 1. The volume, Vs Of air at the higher temperature, TTS is measured at atmospheric pressure in a dry Erlenmeyer flask. The air is assumed to be dry and the pres. NRC is obtained from a barometer. 2. The experimental air volume, at the lower temperature, Tip, is measured. Over water. This volume is saturated with water vapor that contributes to the total pressure in the flask. Therefore, the experimental volume must be corrected to the volume of dry Ankara atmospheric pressure. This is done using Boles law as follows: a. The partial pressure of the dry air, Poor is calculated by subtracting the vapor pressure of water from atmospheric pressure: P. RFrom-POP b. The volume that this dry air would occupy at Purr,IIS then calculated using the Boles law equation: = =Sift (vivo) PROCEDURE Wear protective glasses. NOTE: It is essential that the Erlenmeyer flask and rubber stopper assembled as dry as possible order to obtain reproducibilitys_ Dry a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask by gently heating the entire outer surface with a burner flame. Care must be used in heating to avoid breaking the flask. Fifth flask is wet, first Wipe the inner and outer surfaces with a towel to remove nearly all the water. Then, holding the flask With a test tube holder, gently heat the entire flask. Avoid placing the flask directly in the flame. Allow to cool. While the flask is cooling select a I-hole rubber stopper to fit the flask and insert a b CM piece Of glass tubing into the stopper so that the end of the tubing is flush with the bottom of the stopwatches a 3 CM piece of reprobating the glass tubing (see Figure 19. 1-). Insert (wax pencil) the distance that it is inserted. Clamp the the stopper onto the flask and mark flask so that it is submerged as far as possible in water contained in a 400 ml beaker (without the flask touching the bottom of the beaker) (see Figure 19. 2). Heat the water to boiling. Keep the flask in the gently boiling water tort at least 8 minutes to allow the air in the atlas to attain the temperature of the boiling water. Add water as needed to maintain the water level in the beaker. Read and record the temperature of the boiling water. While the flask is still in the boiling water, seal it by clamping the rubber tubing tightly with a screw clamp. Remove the flask from the hot water and submerge it in a an of cold water, keeping the top down at all times to avoid losing aim Remove the screw clamp, letting the cold water flow into the flask. Keep the flask totally submerged for about 6 minutes to allow the flask and contents to attain the temperature of the water. Read and record the temperature of the water in the pan. Figure 19. I Rubber stopper assembly Figure 192 Heating the flask (and air) in boiling water In order to equalize the pressure inside the flask with that of the atmosphere, bring the water level in the flask to the same level as the water in the pan by raising or lowering the flask (see Figure 19. ). With the water levels equal, pinch the rubber tubing to close the flask. Remove the flask from the water and set it down on the laboratory bench. Using a graduated cylinder carefully measure and record the volume of liquid in the flask, Repeat the entire experiment, use the same flask and flame dry again; make sure that the rubber stopper assembly is thoroughly dried inside and outside, After the second trial fill the flask to the brim with water and insert the stopper assembly to the mark, letting the glass and rubber furl to the top and overflows Measure the volume of water in the flask. Since this volume is the total volume of the flask, record it as the volume of air at the higher temperature. Because the same flask is used in both trials. It is necessary to make this measurement only once. Figure 19. 3 Equalizing the pressure in the flask. The water level inside the flask is adjusted to the level Of the water in the pan by raising or lowering the flask. NAME SECTION DATE REPORT PRESENTIMENT 19 Charleston INSTRUCTOR Data Table Tail 1 Temperature of boiling water, TTS Temperature of cold water, Tip Volume of water collected in flask (decrease volume due to cooling) -co CO. K co, -co, T? Ill 2 Volume of air at higher temperature, Vs.. (volume of flask measured only after Trial 2) Volume of wet air at lower temperature (volume of flask less volume of water Atmosphere pressure, reading) Vapor pressure of water at lower temperature, Poop (expanding 6) REPORT FOR EXPERIMENT 19 (continued) NAME CALCULATIONS: In the spaces below, show calculation setups for T? Ill 1 only. Show answers for both trials in the boxes T bill I I, Corrected experimental volume of dry air at the lower temperature calculated from data obtained at the lower temperature. A) Pressure of dry air (App) T)IA (b) Corrected experimental volume Of dry air (lower temperature). 2 . Predicted volume of dry air at lower temperature Vs.. Calculated by Charles law from volume at higher temperature (VHF). Roth 3. Percentage error in verification of Charleston. Vivo Vt vow terror = x lo FL 4. Comparison experimental/T ratios. Use dry of volumes obstreperousnesss. ) (b) ;nun = REPORT MEET 1 g (continued) ANAL 5 . On the graph paper provided, plot the volume- temperature values used in Calculation 4. Temperature data must be in co. Draw a straight line be,even he two plotted points and extrapolate (extend) the line so that it crosses the temperature axis. QUEUE ACTIONS ADD PROBLEMS 1 . (a) In the experiment, why are the water levels inside and outside the flask equalized before removing the fl ask from the cold water? B) When the water level is higher inside than outside the flask. Is the gas pressure in the flask higher than, lower than, or the same as, the atmospheric pressure? (specify which) 2. A L AS ml sample of dry air at 230C is cooled to OICC at constant pressure, What volume will the dry air occupy at 100C? 3. A 250 ml container of a gas is at COS_ At what temperature will the gas occupy a volume of 125 ml, the pressure remaining constant? 4 . (a) An open flask of air is cooled. Answer the following: 1. Under which conditions, before or after cooling, does the flask contain more gas molecules? 2. Is the pressure in the flask at the lower temperature the same as, greater than, or less than the pressure in the flask before it was cooled? (b) An open flask of air is heated, stopper in the heated condition, and then allowed to cool back to mom temperature. Answer the following: 1. Does the flask notation the same, more, or fewer gas molecules now compared to before it was heated? 2. 5 the volume occupied by the gas in the flask approximately the same, greater, or less than before it was heated? 3. Is the pressure in the flask the same, greater, or less than before the flask was 4. DO any Of the above conditions explain Why water rushed into the flask at the lower temperature in the experiment? Amplify your answer. 5. On the graph you plotted, (a) At what temperature does the extrapolated line intersect the r. Axis? Co (b) At what temperature does Charleston pred ict that the extrapolated line should intersect the r-axis?

Essay on American Dream

Essay on American Dream The American dream is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position The American Dream: Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness What exactly is this â€Å"American Dream† that seems to stand the test of time? It sounds like a myth, a cheap ploy to trick foreigners into flocking to America in search of â€Å"Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness.† But many today say it still exists, that it’s a real thing as tangible as the $100 bill – because it is. SAMPLE ESSAY ABOUT HAPPINESS Writer James Truslow Adam, in his book The Epic of America, written in 1931, said: The American Dream is one â€Å"of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position†.   Adam’s description of the American Dream provides insights as to why so many foreigners have immigrated to the United States since the beginning of the country’s history, from the time of English, Spanish, and French colonization to the America of today in the 21st century. They came searching for a better life, and many found it – but not without hard work, the execution of good ideas, and luck. Take a look at people like actor-comedian Jim Carrey, a Canadian by birth. He grew up in a poor, struggling family. For a time the family was homeless, forcing Carrey to drop out of high school at a young age to help support the family. Years later when as an adult he began making a name for himself on the comedy circuit, Carrey then moved to the United States where we would go on standup comedy tours, finally becoming a multi-millionaire through starring in blockbuster films like Liar Liar and Bruce Almighty. It is well documented that Carrey – an adamant believer in the Law of Attraction – would ride his car along the Hollywood Hills imagining he lived there, that he was to be among the rich and famous celebrities. At one time he even wrote a check to himself, when he was a young struggling actor, for $10 million. And sure enough, in 1994, at the age of 32, he was paid $10 million for his work on the hit film Dumb Dumber. Does Carrey exemplify the American Dream? Absolutely! He was a foreigner who came from nothing, then sought a better life for himself in America – and he found it, but not without a lot of discipline, talent, diligence, a hope that borders on stupidity, luck, and a positive, focused mentality. He epitomizes the American Dream. The American Dream goes back, way back to the Declaration of Independence that held certain â€Å"truths to be self-evident: that all Men are created equal †¦ endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights such as Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness. ESSAY ON YOLO OR CARPE DIEM The mere foundation of this great – though often troubled – country is built upon the quest for a better life. Of course, people can find wealth and happiness in other countries, but many people all around the world associate America with opportunity, freedom, and success. Unfortunately, the American Dream can also be seen as one pursuing material prosperity: big, fancy cars, gigantic mansions, and designer clothes, while others see it as not so much on the financial increase, but a good, healthy fulfilling life. When pursuing the American Dream, whatever that means, people need to first be honest with themselves about what they think the â€Å"American Dream† means to them. That’s the beauty of living in America: people can find a better life in whatever ways they imagine it to be.

Business integration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business integration - Research Paper Example Additionally, they support the integration of the processes and rules that allow the web service and systems interoperability and smoothen the capability metrics that are operational to the Department of Defense Management plan. The IT and business integration main aim is providing standard framework of the end to end processes to all the necessary stakeholders that include the military department, the defense business council, the principal staff assistants, functional process owners and including non-military departments. The development of a common framework is in order to improve processes of business that are supported by IT. The other goal pertains to describing and classifying end to end business processes and investigating how they can decompose to provide support for unique operational activities. The end to end framework is used to assist in filling the gap between the enterprise solutions and the enterprise resource planning, recording the systems’ primary contributions and aiding with boosting business integration defense, business systems and business processes. The end to end framework also provides a framework that helps with updating and organizing the content in the DoD while also acting as a mechanism for evaluating the alignment of business systems for evaluation. The framework provides a methodology for management that aids the DoD to align its individual defense business systems in a strategic manner in order to correct redundancies in the system and obtain standardization in the department. Additionally, the framework is useful in simplifying business rules in the entire department and streamlining the business processes in order to meet the needs of the business and support the capabilities of the business. The military departments and the DoD agencies arrange their standard capabilities in the manner described above in accordance with the end to end capabilities of a business for the

All About Christianity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

All About Christianity - Research Paper Example Christianity’s sacred literature is called the Bible, which is comprised of the Old Testament and the New Testament. As stated in an online article entitled Overview of Christianity, central to Christian practice is the gathering at church for worship, fellowship, study, and engagement with the world through evangelism and social action (Davis-Stofka). In this paper, we take a close look at Christianity by highlighting on its origin, its history, and its belief system. Indeed, through this holistic research approach, we intend to understand Christianity in a much deeper level by being able understand the various concepts that have shaped its unique views on an Ultimate Creator, on human nature, and on external reality. The origin of Christianity is attributed to the life of Jesus Christ who was born in 4 B.C.E. in a Jewish province called Nazareth. Believed to be the Son of God the Father, Jesus Christ spent his entire human life by doing acts of goodness and by spreading know ledge about God’s plan toward humanity. Aside from Jesus Christ, Christianity is also known to have been deeply influenced by Jewish, Greek, and Roman cultures. Since the first Christians were Jews, their ways of worship included attending the holy temple, reading Jewish scriptures, and adhering to Jewish laws and customs. As Jewish Christians spread to Mediterranean provinces in Rome, they were able to proselytize the Greek-speaking Gentiles. Through this, Greek intellectual culture was infused into the core of Christianity. The belief on the supremacy of logic helped in the development of philosophical explanations of the Christian faith. Likewise, it is the model of Roman political organization that formed the hierarchical system in Christianity—wherein the pope is deemed to be the religious leader, followed by the archbishops, bishops, and priests. Lastly, Christian scriptures, as contained in the bible, play a vital role in the foundation of Christianity. The bibl e, which comes from the Latin ‘biblia’ that means ‘books’, is composed of the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Jewish scriptures make up the Old Testament while the twenty seven manuscripts from the apostles complete the New Testament. As further noted in Overview of Christianity, the bible has been published into 2,000 languages and is regarded as the largest selling book of all time (Davis-Stofka). The history of Christianity can be viewed in two parts. Firstly, the early developments of Christianity from 2nd to 4th century C.E. were marked by intense persecution and identity creation. The persecution of Christians was primarily driven by their refusal to honor the roman emperors as god-like figures, since they considered it as an act of idolatry. As punishment to their disloyalty, majority of the early Christians were tortured and killed during the reign of Emperors Domitian in 81-96 C.E., Marcus Aurelius in 161-180 C.E., and Decius in 249-251 C. E. The persecutions, however, did not stop the spread of Christianity. In fact, more people got converted through the hospitality and philanthropy of the early Christians, as evidenced by their establishment of social networks that cared for the poor, the widows, and the orphans. Indeed, it is Christianity’s emphasis on communal life and social generosity that attracted religious conversions. As the Christian fait

The Airasia Company Strategic Management Essay Example for Free

The Airasia Company Strategic Management Essay Nowadays, the competition among airplane industries is very tough. According to Daniel Chan (2000), with just about two years to go to the turn millennium, air wars over Asia are hotting up, with some of the world’s biggest airlines engaged in intense over Asian skies[1]. Each Of Airplanes Company in the world trying to conduct some strategies to compete with another competitor in their industry. A lot of airplane companies come out with different strategies to make their company better than their competitors. To compete with their competitor in the business environment, a company needs to make a strategy to achieve their long terms objective and can be successful for doing their business. Moreover, to be successful in their long terms objective and their business, company need to identify their strategic management, because with good strategic management company can be achieving their vision and mission to achieve the successfulness in their business. Regarding this issues, the strategic management becomes important due to the following reason such as globalization to survival their business, and than e-commerce become the critical success to the company nowadays. The two following reason are need to take into consideration, and than to be successful in the company management, a company needs to consider the company ability and how to integrating it with the as well as main factor in the internal and external factor. The main factor in the internal and external factor can be identified with SWOT analysis. The internal factor can take a look into strength and weakness in a company, and for the external factor, a company can look at opportunities and threats in the external environment. Furthermore, according to Daniel Chan (2000), the airline industry is a unique and fascinating industry. It captures the interest of a wide audience because of its glamour, reach, and impact on the large and growing numbers of consumers/travelers worldwide[2]. Based on this statement, airline industry become the greatest opportunity for AirAsia. The growing numbers/travelers worldwide can be the wonderful opportunity for AirAsia for running their business. In addition, to captures and attract a customer to choose AirAsia as an airline option, AirAsia need to develop and create a wonderful strategy and come out with special offering to their customer to successfully in their business. On this paper, I would like to identify and analyze the AirAsia Company strategic management: â€Å" How AirAsia can be a leader in the lowest cost carrier in the airplane industry†. I’m interested to more deeply identify and analyze the strategic management in AirAsia Company because AirAsia have a lot of achievement and awards since year 2001 until present and than they have the greatest strategy which is can make AirAsia to be a leader in the world’s low cost carrier in airline industry. And than, AirAsia is one of the companies with good company strategic management and has a successful story in the airplane industry in the world. AirAsia now becoming the leading low cost carrier airline in the world and the achievement that AirAsia received to ascertain that AirAsia is one of the best airplane companies. The achievement that AirAsia received in 2009 on the last awards and recognition is the best low cost airline in the world. In Addition, on this paper will be structured into four sections. Section 1. 0 is introduction, Section 2. 0 covers about AirAsia Current issues, in this section will be discusses about why AirAsia need to consider a strategy, and AirAsia current issues. Section 3. mainly discusses about AirAsia business strategy, this section also will be discusses about why AirAsia stressed to be low cost carrier in airline industry, AirAsia SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat) analysis, and also AirAsia business strategy to solve the current issues. And than, section 4. 0 would be the last section is conclusion for this paper. 2. 0 AirAsia Current issues: how to be low cost carrier lead er in airline industry On this section, I will discuss about the AirAsia current issues: how to be low cost carrier in airline industry. This section involve, why AirAsia need to consider a strategic management, and than what is the current issues that happen in AirAsia Company. This section will discusses the importance of developed and consider strategic management in AirAsia Company, and identify of current issues in AirAsia Company. 2. 1 Why AirAsia need to consider a strategic management Why a company needs to consider a strategic management nowadays? According to Daniel Chan (2000), since the 1970s, the competition for the Asian air travel market has always been intense. This became more intense in the 1990s as traffic volumes were squeezed[3]. Based on that statement, the competition among airplane industry will become more grow, traffic volume also would be increase, and also the Asian air travel market has always been intense. When the competition in the airplane industry becoming though, complex, and rapidly change, AirAsia company as a company that joined in the airplane industry business need to thinking strategically and also must preparing a good strategic management. The AirAsia strategic management needs to effectively and efficiently prepare and implement in the AirAsia company management. Why AirAsia need to consider strategic management? The first reason is because the airline industry is a unique and complex industry[4]. Based on the statement, the complexity and unique of the airline industry, AirAsia need to come out with the greatest strategy to compete with their rival in the same industry. Without the right strategic management, its possible AirAsia could not be able be compete with the complex business environment in the airline industry. Furthermore, the second reason why AirAsia need to consider a strategic management because in a company nowadays, general management which is the process of achieving organizational goals by engaging in the four major functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling may not sufficient and supportive for the organization succeed in the world of complex environments. It concerns about the process to manage the company internally but do not concentrate more on creating competitiveness regarding environments affecting the organization. Even companies adopt general management to sustain profitability by reducing the defects or costs, and improving operations process in order to increase productivity, they may not succeed in the competition because they perform only similar activities better than competitors but do not create distinctive competitiveness. Additionally, they perform only operational effectiveness but not strategy. Operational effectiveness and strategy are both essential to superior performance but they work in very different ways.

Desperation By Stephen King :: essays research papers

Desperation, a recent Stephen King novel, is not just a book, but an experience that leaves the reader frightened, paranoid, and questioning his moral beliefs. Picture, if you will, a lone, crazed Nevada policeman who pulls over vehicles on a lonely desert highway and forcefully takes away their occupants. Whichever of them he doesn’t kill immediately, he locks up in the jail of the small desolate town of Desperation. Among those captured are the vacationing Carver family, whose RV is sabotaged on its way to Arizona. Already incarcerated is Tom Billingsley, a once well-known member of the now slaughtered community of Desperation. They are soon joined by formerly famous, currently old and overweight writer, Johnny Marinville, who is riding across the country on his Harley-Davidson gathering material for a book of short stories. How to escape Desperation isn’t the only unanswered question, though. How could and why would one man single-handedly murder the population of an entire town? How does he have such control over the minds of the animals? Why are they locked up when he could have killed them like every one else? Whatever it is that possesses the body of officer Collie Entraigan can’t last forever, though. After several days his body is falling apart at the seams, and he is bleeding from every orifice. Weirder yet, he is growing several inches a day and is bound to burst soon. Will he? Or are the occupants of the local Desperation jail just backup bodies that the possessor will use when it wears out its current one? If so then what is it? More importantly, who’s next?An intriguing aspect of this book is that there is no real protagonist. King leaves the reader in constant suspense. Frequently changing views, the story follows one character or group of characters for one chapter and then in the next chapter, follows another, often intertwining the time sequences. The overlapping action is interrupted only by flashbacks that allow the reader to sympathize with a particular character’s actions or feelings. These flashbacks are so intricate that it is difficult to believe they are fictional at all. They go into such detail of the life-altering experiences of everyone involved that the reader gets a sixth sense as to how the characters will react to certain situations. Telling the story in this manner allows the reader to see why every character acts the way that he does.

Data Collection Activities in Algebra 1

Algebra has long been taught in the same way. This usually means teachers rely heavily on the textbook. Though some textbooks have changed in recent years, the central focus is till on paper and pencil, memorization of rules, and use of algorithms. The Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989) asks mathematics teachers to seek activities that â€Å"model real-world phenomena with a variety of function† and â€Å"represent and analyze relationships using tables, verbal rules, equations, and graphs†.The standards also urge teachers to give students the opportunity to be actively involved in math through data analysis and statistics that are integrated into the curriculum. My hope is to show that these types of activities can be incorporated into an algebra I course as a way of teaching slope, y-intercept, and linear equations. I plan to teach a unit on linear equations during the third nine weeks of an eighth grade algebra I course next semest er.The project will begin with one class learning the material typically covered in most algebra textbooks. I do not plan to pretest the students because this is new material for them. This class will also go to the computer lab and complete a lesson on the computer covering linear equations. In addition, they will work in pairs using T1-82 graphing calculator to explore slope and y-intercept. All of these methods are what I have typically taught over the past 5 years.Another eighth grade class will be given several data collection activities as a unit of study for linear equations. The primary resource for this class will be Algebra Experiments I by Mary Jean Winter and Ronald J. Carlson. My focus will begin with a whole class participation data collection activity. The class will perform â€Å"the wave† in small sections at a time until the entire class has completed it. As a group will record the number of seconds it takes (for example) 3, 5, 8, 13, 15, 20, etc. to complet e the wave.Students will then use a prepared activity sheet that requires them to draw a diagram of the experiment, describe the procedure, identify the independent and dependent variables, create a table of data, graph data, choose two representative points to connect and create a â€Å"line of best fit†, find the slope and y-intercept of this line and describe it algebraically and verbally, then interpret the data through certain questions designed to create understanding of the purpose of the data and using the data to make predictions. This same format will be used for all subsequent activities uring the unit of study. The authors of the book say â€Å"Algebra Experiments I reflects the basic philosophy of the NCTM standards for learning, teaching, and assessment. Students have an opportunity to work collaboratively, to interact, and to develop communication skill. † The whole idea is to â€Å"bring the real world into your algebra classroom. † I plan to req uire the class that does the experiments to keep a daily journal. It will include hot they felt about the daily activities, a description of any specific new topic or topics they learned and a list of questions they still have.Each day the class will address any concerns from the previous day's activity. After several activities have been done by hand, I will instruct the class on how to analyze the data on the T1-82 graphing calculator. They will then be given the opportunity to use the calculator on another experiment. This class will also do the same graphing calculator activity on slope and y-intercept that the other class will do. I will give each class the same test and compare scores. I will also give each class a survey to compare attitudes, interest and understanding of the use of the material in a real-world application.My hope is that the students in the experiment class will have grasped the basic concepts of linear equations as well if not better than the other class an d be able to relate this knowledge in a very real way. My search for articles about my proposed topic was lengthy and I have chosen to comment on a few. My goal next semester is to read and use each of these articles in my actual action paper. I have only read one article in its entirety. What I gathered from the abstracts was the importance of using real-world applications and incorporating the use of the graphing calculator.Since my goal is to show that data collection activities can provide a way to teach the basic concepts of linear equations in a real-world setting, I tried to find articles that would bear this out. Mercer (1995) presents lessons that teach slope-intercept concepts of linear equations through the use of the graphing calculator. Held (1995) uses Computer-Intensive Algebra (CIA) to focus on the use of technology and real-world settings to develop a richer understanding of algebraic concepts. Dugdale (1995) has written about technology and algebra curriculum refor m. She focuses on â€Å"current issues, potential directions, and research question†.Assessment issues are addressed. Algebra is â€Å"a way of reasoning involving variables/functional relationships, generalizations/modes of representation and mathematical investigation/argument. Harvey (1995) was the keynote speaker at the Algebra Working Group of the Seventh International Conference on Mathematical Education in Quebec City, Canada. He spoke of how important technology was in new algebra curriculum reform based on the NCTM standards. Bell (1995) was also a speaker at the Quebec conference. He suggest curriculum modifications and reviews research on students' performance.Menghini (1994) â€Å"claims that, to be meaningful, algebra must be linked to real-work problems. † Wallace (1993) offers a data collection activity similar to one I have used in the past. I would like to include this one in my lesson plans. It â€Å"compares the trends of women's and men's world re cords for the 800-meter run using the linear and power Regression capabilities of a graphing calculator. A very promising article by Magidson (1992) â€Å"addresses the challenges, risks, and rewards of teaching about linear functions in a technology-rich environment from a constructivist perspective.Describes an algebra class designed for junior high school students that focuses on the representations and real-world applications of linear functions. † I hope this will help me next semester as I begin to encounter problems. References Bell, A. , (1995). Purpose in school algebra. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 14 (1), 41-73. Dugdale, S. and others, (1995). Technology and algebra curriculum reform: current issues, potential directions, and research questions. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 14 (3), 325-57. Harvey, J. nd others. (1995). The influence of technology on the teaching and learning of algebra. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 14 (1), 75- 109. Heid, K. (1995). A technology-intensive approach to algebra. Mathematics Teacher, 88 (8), 650-56. Magidson, S. (1992). From the laboratory to the classroom: a technology-intensive curriculum for functions and graphs. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 11 (4), 361-37. Menghini, M. (1994). Form in algebra: reflecting, with Peacock, on upper secondary school teaching. For the Learning of Mathematics, 14 (3), 9-14.Mercer, J. (1995). Teaching graphing concepts with graphing calculators. Mathematics Teacher, 88 (4), 268-73. Wallace, E. (1993). Exploring regression with a graphing calculator. Mathematics Teacher, 86, (9), 741-43. Example 2 Use of Algebra Tiles to Enhance the Concept Development of Operations on Polynomials and Factoring in Ninth Grade Algebra Students The purpose of this action research project is to find out if the use of Algebra Tiles will enhance the concept development of operations on polynomials and factoring in ninth grade algebra students.Mathematics teachers a re guided by the Arkansas State mathematics Framework. The following three student learning expectations are covered by this research project. 2. 1. 5 Describe, visualize, draw and construct geometric figures in one, two, and three dimensions. 2. 3. 7 Represent problem situations with geometric models and apply properties of figures in meaningful context to solve mathematical and real-world problems. 2. 3. 8 Represent one, two and three-dimensional geometric figures algebraically. Algebra Tiles allow students â€Å"hands-on† experience with polynomials.The tiles give students the opportunity to model, to create a mental image, to draw, and to then symbolically manipulate polynomials. They are based on area and multiplication concepts that students are familiar with. Howden (1985) states â€Å"It is generally recognized that understanding the meaning of a mathematics concept, as opposed to merely performing the associated computation, is an essential element of true learning and achievement† and â€Å"research shows that modeling and visualization promotes such understanding†.Two units on polynomials will be taught in ninth grade algebra. One focusing on operations on polynomials and the other focusing on factoring. Two teachers will teach the same material using the same methods and tests. No pre-test will be given because ninth grade students have had no previous experience with these concepts. Both teachers will teach two of their own classes each of these two polynomial units. One class will receive traditional instruction by symbolic manipulation only. The other class will use the Algebra Tiles along with the traditional method.The student's scores for each unit using Algebra Tiles will be compared to the scores based on the traditional method only. Differences will be compared and noted. In addition, students receiving instruction with the tiles will keep a journal each day describing how they feel about using the tiles. According to Sharp (1995), students using algebra tiles â€Å"found it easy to think about algebraic manipulations when they visualized the tiles† and â€Å"the majority of students stated that the tiles added a mental imagery that made learning `easier. † Another possible comparison will be to see if there is any difference in scores or perception between boys and girls using the tiles. The goal of this research project is to see if Algebra Tiles or â€Å"modeling† will enhance the understanding of polynomials and make the process of factoring â€Å"easier†. References Howden, Hilde. Algebra Tiles for the Overhead Projector. New Rochelle, NY: Cuisenaire Company of America, 1985. Sharp, Janet M. Results of Using Algebra Tiles as Meaningful Representations of Algebra Concepts, ERIC search, 1995. Related article: â€Å"Study Guide Algebra†

Essay about citizenship †Citizenship in Sao Paulo’s Favelas

Introduction Sao Paulo is not only the biggest city in Brazil, but is the biggest proper in the Americas and in the southern hemisphere and not to mention, ranking seventh in terms of population in the whole world. Its metropolis is the second most populated in the Americas and ranks in the top ten largest in the world. This city is the capital of the state of Sao Paulo and a significant center in commerce, finance, arts and entertainment in Brazil. Sao Paulo has recorded a significant growth compared to other cities in Brazil in terms of population and with urbanization at 81 percent; it is witnessing an increase in slum housing. This problem started in the beginning of 20th Century with the segregation that existed between the affluent, who lived in the central districts, and the poor, who lived in the low lying floodplains. This pattern of urban settlement has changed with poor migrants moving into all city spaces. The rapid spread of slums began in the 1980s with the development of favelas in the urban peripheries and the cortices. Currently, the favelas are the dominant form of settlement and have broken its confinement into all parts of Sao Paulo, the insurgent citizens of the city. There has been an ongoing conflict between the residents of favelas and the public authorities because of the encroachment into the areas valued by the property market. In addition, the favelas are slowly being driven into the poorest, most peripheral and dangerous areas devoid of basic urban services, such as water, power, education. This paper intends to reveal that this insurgency is a conflict of citizenship and not just instrumental outcry and violence. Citizenship in this case refers to recognition of residents’ legal presence in the city and their rights to basic urban services. Insurgency in Sao Paulo Sao Paulo, like many other cities in the developing countries, is not planned. According to UN Habitat (2012), planning for social integration is important as it addresses policies that could or affect the poor. It is also recommended that these plans be done well in advance so as to tackle the issues before they occur rather than as they occur. Urban planning plays a key role in mitigating insurgent citizenship. As aforementioned, the peripheries of Sao Paulo were inhabited by worker back in the 1960s who constructed their homes through autoconstruction. They did this without any infrastructure; this process is still used today as a primary means of settling the urban poor in the city. Nonetheless, as evident, this process has done little to solve the problem of housing in the city. The city of Sao Paulo has experienced rapid economic growth, this growth, however, has been unevenly distributed among the population, and this has resulted in wide social and economic disparities. The f avelas of Sao Paulo is a marked representation of these issues, with inadequate infrastructure and urban services, lack of the rule of law and adequate policing, as well as violence emerging from institutionalized poverty. The city has lost its appeal of a neutral entity; it has become a political and economic space, where the meaning of citizenship and urban life is regularly on trial, here power relations are forcefully maneuvered and sustained. There are notable examples where the residents of the favelas have taken action to claim ownership of the slums. Holston (2007) explains that, in 1972, the residents of Jardim das Camelias roughed up court officials, an incident that led to massive arrests by the police and for a week what seemed to be a conflict between the law and the residents ensued supported by politicians and lawyers. This was triggered by eviction notices that were to be delivered to the residents and which they ignored and used violence to evade, at least one perso n died. In 2003, an official went to Lar Nacional, to cancel one of the residents title that had been recently issued. This saw the beginning of long legal battle between the residents of the favelas and the court system. They had learnt to organize themselves as a unit, neighborhood association. The court official’s intention was to demand the cancellation of the title as a result of an anomaly in measurements. The title was issued through adverse possession a legal way of acquiring an original title by proving possession over an uninterrupted period. The residents spent more than a decade petitioning the judiciary for such validation, and it was a historical case as the first to return favorably decided, the resident was issued a new title, site plan, as well as tax number. Moreover, this insurgent citizenship came out of the peripheries and the favelas into the civic square, with the elections of 2002, the country witnessed one of the residents of the favelas rises to the highest office of the land. Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, of the Workers’ Party (PT) grew up poor in the urban peripheries of Sao Paulo, and this seemed as a victory for those who lived in these areas as they filled the central spaces of Sao Paulo with the red banners calling for citizenship. Citizenship It is critical to understand the condition of working class citizenship in Sao Paulo to examine the emergence of the citizenship in the favelas. Wolfe (2014) points at the fact that the establishment of a working class in Sao Paulo revolves around the long-time relationship between land, labor, and law that exist in land policies. These were meant to bring forth a particular kind of work force in addition to illegalities that result in settlements as well as legalization of property claims. Such illegalities resemble the current ones in the peripheries. The only difference is that this happens with an unexpected result that in the end generates a distinct formulation of citizenship. According to Holston (2007), the elites in the 19th Century introduced a regime of citizenship to strengthen their hold of power in the new formed nation state. In this process, they used social differences, such as education, race, gender to induce different treatment to different segment of citizenship. This was the beginning gradation of rights among the citizens, and here rights were based on segregation, there were certain sections treated better than others. It is this system that created the citizenship of inclusive membership, but largely inegalitarian in distribution. For the elite to maintain the differentiated treatment to citizens after the country’s independence and the abolition of the slave trade, they came up with a dual pronged solution. They ensured direct suffrage and made it voluntary, but at the same time limited it to those who could read and write. This restriction made the electorate much smaller, furthermore in the constitution; there was an elimination of the citizens rights to basic education that provided them with some limited education. This restriction denied the citizens of their political citizenship for a long time until 1985 when it was repealed. According to Holston (2007), after the repeal, the elites still longed to control civil and econ omic matters. They established a real estate industry that facilitated legitimate the ownership of private property and one that supported free labor immigration. In addition, they created high price for the land and made wages low to restrict the many workers legal access to land forcing them to basically be source of cheap labor. The two citizenships developed in tandem and became restrictive as the country changed from a slave based nation to a republic based on wage labor. The regimes that followed in the 20th century followed this paradigm establishing an inclusively inegalitarian citizenship and adopting it to a modern situation. It incorporated the emerging labor force in the urban areas into a new arena of labor law devoid of equality. According to , inclusively inegalitarian citizenship was the cause of the insurgency. Inegalitarian citizenship representative of inequality in his theory can be disapproved more so in the context of it use. If the residents of the favelas are unequal, that has not stopped them from moving up the economic and political ladder. Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva is a good example of this scenario; he was raised in the favelas and emerged as the head of state. Therefore, the insurgence is not in demand for autonomy, but for residence and more so for the poor. The cause for the insurgency was lack of planning that takes into consideration the workers and the poor of the city. In addition, as much as Holston (2007) argues that favelas claimed their citizenship, this is far from the truth. They might have stopped evictions and initiated a new process of issuance of titles, but this calls for a redefinition of citizenship. Citizenship calls for recognition of the rights of each and every resident, as part of the urban populace; they have equal democratic right to environmental health as well as basic living conditions. The rights herein refer to basic urban services including but not limited to water, sanitation, power, and education. The favelas inhibit provision of these basic services, first of all it is not easy to gauge the population in these areas for planning purposes; they are not only congested, but also risky as a result of high crime rates. In addition, the houses constructed in favelas are not planned and are informal hence it is difficult to access them for the provision of certain services such as good roads, drainage, water supply and even power. These conditions render the favelas by default inaccessible to basic urban services. Furthermore, Holston’s (2007) approach explores cultural phenomena, and he makes a persuasive case. There seems to be another problem in the favelas that have a direct bearing on the limited citizenship of the favela residents. There is a need for a clear ethnographic analysis of the key players in these areas, and Holston (2007) fails do provide this. The favelas have been invaded by cartels that would rather have them remain the way they are for business purposes . First, the drug cartels, they have a system of criminal leadership. These criminal gangs have control over most areas of the favelas making it difficult for the residents to receive much needed services due to fear. The middle class and the upper classes are of the opinion that favelas are loci of violence and the epicenter of criminality. This view is further perpetuated by the state officials as well as the law enforcement that result to a repressive approach, from regular police raids to forceful eviction of large populations and razing the structures. These actions are usually justified by the mere fact that the favelas are crime hotspots. Criminal gangs and activities play a significant role in preventing accessibility into the favelas, this leads to the government shortsightedness, police unaccountability, and most important lack of opportunities and services for the residents relegating them to a state of inegalitarian citizenship. Rights in Sao Paulo Favelas The emergence of citizenship in Sao Paulo’s public spheres forced the authorities to relook into these new urban conditions by allowing new kinds and sources of rights. These brought to the forefront issues of substance and scope that were previously ignored by the state’s current laws and institutions. The new citizenship rights developed at the edge of the manifested assumptions of governance: they resolved the new common and personal spaces of everyday life among the economically challenged in the favelas; the rights concerned men, women as well as the children and established work to give state services. The most notable fact of the rights is that they introduced reconceptualization, what Holston (2007) refers to as the greatest historical innovation of these rights. The proponents of these rights had initially thought of them as entitlements of general citizenship, as opposed to a differentiated category of citizens. In this regard, the emergence of participatory p ublics in the favelas introduced and established new understanding and exercise of citizenship rights as well as expanding substantive citizenship to new social frontier. The foundation of rights, therefore, is a combination of new and old formulations. In addition, these rights are subjected to change in concepts. Nonetheless, there is a presentation of a mixture of rights that include treatment rights, contributor rights, as well as constitutional rights. It is evident that few people refer to constitutions and laws and if they do; it was to complain and that, with the exception of labor rights, most were not applicable. The concept of rights as a privileged few is grounded in several incarnations, entrenched in the system of differentiated citizenship. In other words, citizenship remains a means for the distribution and legitimizing inequality. This concept was prevalent in the post constitution favelas being used more than the insurgent one of generalized text-based rights. The generalized text, based rights, proposes that the residents of favelas have unconditional rights and that their rights are not based on personal, social or moral status. This sets the stage for the establishment of and the achievement of a more equalitarian citizenship. However, as the residents of favelas are organized in groups, propagates the concept of contributor rights one that adopts both systems of citizenship. This is because the autoconstruction in the favelas was not all inclusive; it excluded some residents. Despite this fact, it was recognized as the builder of the peripheries and emphasized the self-determination and accomplishment of the people in the favelas both at the individual and group level. In addition, autoconstruction promoted a universal citizenship distinct from the differentiated pattern. In the current peripheries, all the three concepts were significant in the development of citizenship. Conclusion This paper has highlighted the concept of citizenship, applying it to the city of Sao Paulo. The paper reveals that the insurgency witnessed in most of the informal settlements in the city are not mere instrumental outcry and violence, but a conflict of citizenship. As the city developed, there was no proper planning that took into consideration the low income earners or even the settlements that were earlier created by the workers. Therefore, there has been the emergence of new citizenship in Sao Paulo’s public spheres forced the authorities to look into these new urban conditions by allowing new kinds and sources of rights. The insurgency introduced new ways of accessing the situation; these brought to the forefront issues of substance and scope that were previously ignored by the state’s current laws and institutions. The new citizenship rights developed at the edge of the manifested assumptions of governance. Citizenship as examined in the paper calls for recognitio n of the rights of each and every resident of the city, as part of the urban populace; they have equal democratic right to environmental health as well as basic living conditions. Bibliography Avritzer, A., 2004. A Participacao em Sao Paulo. Sao Paulo: Editora Unesp. Conceicao, A., 2010. RMSP supera 20 milhoes de habitantes, calcula Seade. [Online] Available at: http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/economia,rmsp-supera-20-milhoes-de-habitantes-calcula-seade,503095,0.htm [Accessed 14 March 2014]. Diken, B. & Laustsen, C.B., 2007. Sociology Through the Projector. New York: Routledge. Geo Cases, 2003. Sao Paulo: Population and Slum Housing. [Online] Available at: http://www.geocases2.co.uk/printable/Housing%20in%20Sao%20Paulo.htm [Accessed 14 March 2014]. Holston, J., 2007. Insurgent citizenship in an era of global urban peripheries. [Online] Available at: http://www.publicspace.org/es/texto-biblioteca/eng/b001-insurgent-citizenship-in-an-era-of-global-urban-peripheries [Accessed 15 March 2014]. Holston, J., 2007. Insurgent Citizenship: Disjunctions of Democracy and Modernity in Brazil. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Human Rights Watch, 2009. Lethal Force: Police Violen ce and Public Security in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. New York: Human Rights Watch. McCann, B., 2006. The Political Evolution of Rio de Janeiro’s Favelas: Recent Works. Latin American Re, pp.149-63. Santos, B.d.S., 1995. Toward a New Common Sense: Law, Science and Politics in the Paradigmatic Transition. New York: Routledge: Routledge. The Guardian, 2002. Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. The Guardian, 27 October. UN Habitat, 2012. The Role of Urban Planning in Preventing Slums and Addressing the Existing Slums. [Online] Available at: http://www.mhu.gov.ma/Documents/TOP%2020/Pr%C3%A9sentations%2027%20nov/The%20role%20of%20urban%20planning%20in%20preventing%20slums%20and%20addressing%20existing%20slums.pdf [Accessed 15 March 2014]. Wakefield, E.G., 1968. A letter from Sydney. In The collected works of Edward Gibbon Wakefield. Glasgow : Collins. Wolfe, J., 2014. Working Women, Working Men: Sao Paulo & the Rise of Brazil’s Industrial Working Class, 1900–1955. Duke Unive rsity Press.

Sula Essays - Sula, Boobies, Sulidae, Different Kinds Of Tenants

Sula Essays - Sula, Boobies, Sulidae, Different Kinds Of Tenants Sula Is "Sula" a tragic novel? I think it is. Because Sula grows up in an unusual family and many tragedies happen during her growth. Those kinds of tragedies we can even see it at the very beginning of the story. "Eva had married a man named BoyBoy and had three children: Hannah, the eldest, and Eva, whom she named after herself but called Pearl, and a son named Ralph whom she called Plum." (32) After five years of their marriage, BoyBoy left Eva without leaving anything except $1.65, five eggs, three beets, and three children. "She was confused and desperately hungry." (32) Sometimes, she will get help from her neighbors in the Medallion town. In one middle of December, Plum stopped having bowel movements. Eva tried her best to save his life. Two days later, she left all her children with her neighbor and left the town. Eighteen months later, Eva returned with one leg. "First she reclaimed her children, next she gave the surprised Mrs. Suggs a ten-dollar bill, later she started buildin g a house on Carpenter's Road, sixty feet from BoyBoy's one-room cabin, which she rented out." (35) From here, we can see that there is a tragedy after the leaving of BoyBoy, Eva has no choice and becomes desperate. She leaves the town and sells her leg to support the family. We also see that Eva loves Plum. Hannah is the mother of Sula. She married to a man called Rekus who died when Sula was about three years old. Sula was staying in the big old house with Eva until she left the town after her best friend, Nel's marriage. It is rather peculiar because in the big old house, there are different kinds of tenants and there are many male guests playing around in that house. There are Dewey boys and Tar baby. All of them are staying in the house because Eva takes them in. From that, Eva earns respect from the community because she benefits the homeless. It is also very strange that he Dewey boys originally are different young boys. But they always mix up themselves in front of people. Therefore, they always mess people up. There is a lot of male guests in the house because "'With the exception of BoyBoy, those Peace women loved all men.' 'Hannah simply refused to live without the attentions of a man, and after Rekus' death had a steady sequence of lovers, mostly the husbands of her friends and neighbors.' '? Sula came home from school and found her mother in the bed, curled spoon in the arms of man' '? taught Sula that sex was pleasant and frequent , ...'" (41, 42, We can see that from here Sula is growin g up in a disorder and chaos family. In 1920, another tragedy happened. Plum returned from the war and became drug addicted. At one night, Eva went to his room and burned him up. She burns him up because she has to kill him before the drug totally destroys her son. "She demonstrates a deep and abiding love for Plum that when she saturates him in kerosene and strikes a match, we accept her heinous crime as an act of desperation born out of love." (Melby 76) From this point, we can also see that Eva is controlling everything on her own hand. As she feels that she has sacrificed herself to save the family. Her children have to do everything that she wants them to do. Sula is growing up in this family with disorder and chaos. However, her best friend, Nel, is totally different from her. Nel's mother, Helene Sabat is the daughter of Creole whore. In Helene's early childhood, she stayed with her grandmother for sixteen years. Then, she married to Wiley Wright who was a seaman. He will only be at home three days out of every sixteen. Therefore, Nel stays with her mother most of the time. "'Helen's hand the girl became obedient and polite. Any enthusiasms that little Nel showed were calmed by the mother until she drove her daughter's imagination underground.' 'Helene Wright was an impressive woman, at least in Medallion she was.'" (18) Although these two